Ancient Greek Science
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The Greeks were very interested in science as a way
of organizing the world and making order out of chaos,
and having power over some very powerful things like oceans and weather.
From about 600 BC, a lot of Greek men spent
time observing the planets and the sun and trying to figure out how
astronomy worked. They must have gotten
their first lessons from the Babylonians,
who were very good at astronomy and also very interested in it.
By the 400's BC, Pythagoras was interested
in finding the patterns and rules in mathematics
and music, and invented the idea
of a mathematical proof. Although Greek women usually were not allowed
to study science, Pythagoras did have some women among his students.
Socrates, a little bit later,
developed logical methods for deciding whether something was true or
not.
In the 300's BC, Aristotle and other philosophers at the Lyceum and the Academy in Athens worked on observing plants and animals, and organizing the different kinds of plants and animals into types. Again, this is a way of creating order out of chaos.
After Aristotle, using his ideas and also ideas from Egypt and the Persians and Indians, Hippocrates and other Greek doctors wrote important medical texts that were used for hundreds of years.
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/science/